{"id":2,"date":"2023-10-30T20:41:03","date_gmt":"2023-10-30T20:41:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/95.217.75.49\/?page_id=2"},"modified":"2023-11-01T10:47:50","modified_gmt":"2023-11-01T10:47:50","slug":"sample-page","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/95.217.75.49\/tr\/","title":{"rendered":"Tah\u0131l i\u00e7in k\u0131\u015fl\u0131k \u00e7avdar"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>K\u0131\u015fl\u0131k \u00e7avdar <\/strong>\u00fclkemizde en yayg\u0131n tah\u0131l \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. \u00dclkemizde her y\u0131l yakla\u015f\u0131k 1 milyon hektar alan bu \u00fcr\u00fcn i\u00e7in \u00f6zel olarak tahsis edilmektedir. K\u0131\u015fl\u0131k \u00e7avdar i\u015fleme y\u00f6ntemleri m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde takip edilmelidir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ancak bu \u015fekilde bu \u00fcr\u00fcnden iyi bir verim elde edebilirsiniz.<br><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"303\" height=\"250\" class=\"wp-image-26\" style=\"width: 150px;\" src=\"http:\/\/95.217.75.49\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/csm_6c2e25d64d_1__ff25928fc9.jpg\" alt=\"tane\" srcset=\"http:\/\/95.217.75.49\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/csm_6c2e25d64d_1__ff25928fc9.jpg 303w, http:\/\/95.217.75.49\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/csm_6c2e25d64d_1__ff25928fc9-300x248.jpg 300w, http:\/\/95.217.75.49\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/csm_6c2e25d64d_1__ff25928fc9-15x12.jpg 15w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 303px) 100vw, 303px\" \/><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Kullan\u0131m Alanlar\u0131<\/strong><br>K\u0131\u015fl\u0131k \u00e7avdar tah\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ana t\u00fcketicisi geleneksel olarak g\u0131da end\u00fcstrisidir. \u00c7avdar tah\u0131l\u0131 \u00e7o\u011funlukla unlu mamullerin pi\u015firilmesinde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca bu bitkinin tanesinden ni\u015fasta ve tabii ki evde pi\u015firme i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan \u00e7avdar unu \u00fcretilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Biyolojik \u00f6zellikler<\/strong><br>  Bu de\u011ferli \u00fcr\u00fcn gezegenimizin bir\u00e7ok b\u00f6lgesinde yeti\u015ftirilebilir. En y\u00fcksek \u00e7avdar verimi Ukrayna, Kazakistan, Belarus ve Rusya Federasyonu'nda elde edilmektedir. T\u00fcm bu b\u00f6lgelerdeki k\u0131\u015fl\u0131k \u00e7avdar i\u015fleme y\u00f6ntemleri \u00e7ok benzerdir ve bu \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn t\u00fcm biyolojik \u00f6zellikleri dikkate al\u0131narak geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<br>  \u00c7avdar g\u00f6steri\u015fsiz ve az talep g\u00f6ren bir bitkidir. \u00c7avdar\u0131n ana avantaj\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 direncidir. Hi\u00e7 kar ya\u011fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu t\u00fcr k\u0131\u015flarda bile \u00e7avdar -25 \u00b0 C'ye kadar donlar\u0131 tolere edebilir. Bu mahsul\u00fcn tohumlar\u0131 \u00e7imlenmeye ba\u015flar. Bu k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn tohumlar\u0131, s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131 hale geldikten ve en az +1 \u00b0 C'ye ula\u015ft\u0131ktan hemen sonra \u00e7imlenmeye ba\u015flar. Ayr\u0131ca \u00e7avdar, seleflerine ve topra\u011f\u0131n bile\u015fimine tamamen iddias\u0131zd\u0131r. \u0130yi bir hasat elde etmenin tek ko\u015fulu - zeminde y\u00fcksek kaliteli temel ve ekim \u00f6ncesi topra\u011f\u0131n i\u015flenmesi gereklidir.<br>   Bu k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn sahip oldu\u011fu bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli \"art\u0131\" ise kurakl\u0131\u011fa dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131kt\u0131r. \u00c7avdar\u0131n k\u00f6k sistemi di\u011fer tah\u0131l \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinden \u00e7ok daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu nedenle \u00e7avdar hi\u00e7bir zaman besin ve elementlerden yoksun kalmaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00dcr\u00fcn rotasyonunun \u00f6zellikleri<\/strong><br>Yukar\u0131da belirtildi\u011fi gibi, \u00e7avdar \u00f6ncekilerden hi\u00e7 de talepkar de\u011fildir, ancak bug\u00fcn kullan\u0131lan yeti\u015ftirme y\u00f6ntemleri hala belirli bir \u00fcr\u00fcn rotasyonuna uyulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. \u00c7avdar\u0131n en iyi \u00f6nc\u00fcleri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibi tar\u0131msal \u00fcr\u00fcnler olarak kabul edilir:<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Yonca;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Patates;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Keten;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ac\u0131 bakla;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>baklagil-yulaf kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M\u0131s\u0131r;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>saf nadas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c7avdar, tek bir yerde yeti\u015ftirilerek iyi bir verim elde etmenin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu az say\u0131daki tar\u0131m bitkisi aras\u0131nda say\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Arazi haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu \u00e7avdar ekimi s\u00fcrecine maksimum sorumlulukla yakla\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6nc\u00fcllerinin patates veya \u015feker pancar\u0131 gibi tar\u0131msal bitkiler olmas\u0131 durumunda - toprak i\u015fleme en az 10-12 cm derinlikte ve \u00f6nc\u00fcllerin \u00e7ok y\u0131ll\u0131k baklagil otlar\u0131 olmas\u0131 durumunda - 25-30 cm derinlikte yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>K\u0131\u015fl\u0131k \u00e7avdar i\u015fleme y\u00f6ntemleri: toprak g\u00fcbreleme<\/strong><br>Topra\u011f\u0131n bile\u015fimine g\u00f6re bu tar\u0131msal \u00fcr\u00fcn pratik olarak iddias\u0131zd\u0131r, ancak g\u00fcbre kullan\u0131m\u0131 verimi \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131rmay\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00dcr\u00fcn\u00fcn yo\u011fun yeti\u015ftirme y\u00f6ntemleri, mineral ve organik olmak \u00fczere iki ana g\u00fcbreleme t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Tah\u0131l ve hububat mahsullerinden sonra, k\u0131\u015f \u00e7avdar\u0131 yeti\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lacak arazi +\/- 25 t\/ha oran\u0131nda organiklerle g\u00fcbrelenmelidir. \u0130lkbaharda, bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc aktif olarak yeniden ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00fcr\u00fcn +\/- 95 t\/ha oran\u0131nda azot ile g\u00fcbrelenmelidir. E\u011fer pH de\u011ferleri 5.5'ten d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckse, di\u011fer her \u015feye ek olarak arazinin kire\u00e7lenmesi de yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br>B\u00fcy\u00fcme mevsimi boyunca bitkinin bak\u0131m\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130yi bir k\u0131\u015f \u00e7avdar\u0131 hasad\u0131 elde etmek i\u00e7in, geli\u015fimi s\u0131ras\u0131nda farkl\u0131 agroteknik s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin b\u00fct\u00fcn bir kompleksini y\u00fcr\u00fctmek gerekir. Tohumlar ekildikten hemen sonra tarla yuvarlanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu i\u015flemden sonra toprak ve tohum aras\u0131ndaki temas \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde iyile\u015fecek ve nemin k\u0131lcal y\u00fckseli\u015fi h\u0131zlanacakt\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, topraktaki tah\u0131l daha h\u0131zl\u0131 \u015fi\u015fecek ve filizler daha dost canl\u0131s\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Sonbaharda, \u00e7avdar yeti\u015ftirilen tarlalar kar k\u00fcf\u00fcn\u00fc yok etmek i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6zel preparatlarla i\u015flenmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>K\u0131\u015fl\u0131k \u00e7avdar yeti\u015ftirilen tarlalarda k\u0131\u015f d\u00f6neminde kar tutma i\u015fleminin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu sayede gen\u00e7 bitkiler donmaya kar\u015f\u0131 korunabilir. Uzmanlar taraf\u0131ndan kan\u0131tland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi - +\/- 40 cm'lik bir kar tabakas\u0131, \u00e7ok \u015fiddetli donlarda bile bitkileri koruyabilir.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/grain.st\/\">https:\/\/grain.st\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130lkbaharda, bu mahsul\u00fcn bulundu\u011fu tarlalar t\u0131rm\u0131klanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn yeti\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in standart teknik kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r - monte edilmi\u015f i\u011fne ekipmanl\u0131 trakt\u00f6rler. Bu i\u015flem, topra\u011f\u0131n \u00fcst katman\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fckemmel bir \u015fekilde d\u00fczle\u015ftirmenin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra oksijen ve nem ile doyurmay\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lar. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, \u00e7imlenme oran\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde artar ve filizler daha aktif bir \u015fekilde geli\u015fir. T\u0131rm\u0131klama i\u015flemi kar eridikten ve toprak kuruduktan sonra yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bitkinin tam geli\u015fmesi ve b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi i\u00e7in azot ile g\u00fcbrelenmesi gerekir. Bu g\u00fcbre en iyi k\u00f6k uygulamas\u0131 ile uygulan\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca karde\u015flenme ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131ndan sonra (t\u00fcp olu\u015fana kadar), araziyi herbisitlerle tedavi etmek gerekir. K\u0131\u015fl\u0131k \u00e7avdar yeti\u015ftirilen arazilerde yabani otlar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 verimi \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azaltabilir.<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00c7avdar hastal\u0131klar\u0131yla nas\u0131l m\u00fccadele edilir?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c7avdar iddias\u0131z bir \u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ancak yeti\u015ftirme s\u00fcrecinde \u00e7e\u015fitli mikroorganizmalardan veya zararl\u0131lardan etkilenebilir. Bu nedenle, \u00e7avdar yeti\u015ftirme teknikleri, di\u011fer \u015feylerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra b\u00f6cek kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc de i\u00e7erir. Yeti\u015ftirme s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7avdar s\u0131kl\u0131kla \u015funlardan etkilenebilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>k\u00fclleme;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>kar kal\u0131b\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>k\u00f6k \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Hasat<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu \u00f6nemli i\u015flem zaman\u0131nda yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ge\u00e7 hasat edilirse tah\u0131l par\u00e7alanmaya ba\u015flayabilir. Bu \u00fcr\u00fcn i\u00e7in hasat s\u00fcresi +\/- 10 g\u00fcn s\u00fcrebilir. Hava ya\u011f\u0131\u015fl\u0131 oldu\u011funda \u00e7avdar\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca \u00e7abuk hasat edilmesi \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00dclkemizde k\u0131\u015fl\u0131k \u00e7avdar yeti\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan y\u00f6ntemler hemen hemen ayn\u0131d\u0131r. Bu \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn hasad\u0131 ya ayr\u0131 hasat ya da do\u011frudan hasat ile yap\u0131labilir. Do\u011frudan hasat kullan\u0131lacaksa, hasat tam olgunlu\u011fa ula\u015ft\u0131ktan sonra yap\u0131lmal\u0131 ve dane nemi +\/- 20%'ye ula\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ayr\u0131 hasat kullan\u0131l\u0131yorsa, dane neminin 35-40% aras\u0131nda olaca\u011f\u0131 mumsu olgunluk a\u015famas\u0131na kadar beklemek gerekir. \u00c7avdar bi\u00e7erd\u00f6verlerle bi\u00e7ilir ve tah\u0131l tamamen kurur kurumaz (3-5 g\u00fcn) harman ba\u015flar.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>K\u0131\u015fl\u0131k \u00e7avdar \u00fclkemizde en yayg\u0131n tah\u0131l \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. \u00dclkemizde her y\u0131l yakla\u015f\u0131k 1 milyon hektar alan bu \u00fcr\u00fcn i\u00e7in \u00f6zel olarak tahsis edilmektedir. K\u0131\u015fl\u0131k \u00e7avdar i\u015fleme y\u00f6ntemleri m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde takip edilmelidir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ancak bu \u015fekilde bu \u00fcr\u00fcnden iyi bir verim elde edebilirsiniz. Kullan\u0131m Alanlar\u0131...&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/95.217.75.49\/tr\/\" class=\"\" rel=\"bookmark\">Daha fazlas\u0131n\u0131 oku \"<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Tah\u0131l i\u00e7in k\u0131\u015fl\u0131k \u00e7avdar<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":"[]"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/95.217.75.49\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/95.217.75.49\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/95.217.75.49\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/95.217.75.49\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/95.217.75.49\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"http:\/\/95.217.75.49\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":40,"href":"http:\/\/95.217.75.49\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2\/revisions\/40"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/95.217.75.49\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/95.217.75.49\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}